On Jan. 18, 2003, plaintiff’s decedent pilot Gary Prokop, 47, an entrepreneur, and plaintiff’s decedent passenger James Kosak, 51, who works in management, took flight from an airport in Grand Rapids at 6:30 a.m. during cloudy conditions. They were headed for St. Cloud to attend their sons’ hockey tournament. At about eight minutes into the flight, Prokop’s new Cirrus SR22 plane crashed outside of Hill City. They both died instantly.
Prokop was a VFR (visual flight rules), single engine-licensed pilot who had over 200 hours of flight experience — mostly in a Cessna 172 — and was studying for his IFR (instrument flight rule) license. An IFR-rated pilot, as opposed to a solely VFR-rated pilot, can use the plane’s instrumentation to assist in flying through visually impaired weather. Prokop had scheduled to take his IFR test prior to the crash. He purchased the plane about a month before the crash and underwent 3.5 days of training (not required by the Federal Aviation Administration) through the North Dakota Aerospace Foundation in Grand Forks. By the time he piloted the plane on the day of the crash, Prokop had about six hours of solo time in an SR22. Plane manufacturer Cirrus Design Corp. created the training program for the SR22 planes and it hired the University of North Dakota Aerospace foundation to train the pilots who purchased those planes.
The two families, in separate suits, sued the University of North Dakota Aerospace Foundation and Cirrus Design Corp. for negligently training Prokop. The families claimed that a key flight lesson in the Cirrus transition training program — VFR into IMC (instrument meteorological condition) — had not been completed.
Kosak’s flight reconstruction expert said that the transition training program was unreasonable and did not meet industry standards because it was not scenario-based; did not include personal risk assessment training specific to the SR22; and lacked appropriate oversight.
The Kosak family also sued Prokop’s estate, alleging that he was to blame for taking off in marginal VFR conditions that were marked by strong wind gusts and low visibility due to darkness and a cloud ceiling of 14 feet above ground. Although the FAA permitted flying at that time, a weather briefing warned that planes may enter IFR conditions; given that Prokop was not IFR-rated and had only a few hours of flight experience in an SR22, he should not have flown at that time, the Kosak family argued.
The defendants denied the allegations. Cirrus argued that an instructor did conduct the key flight lesson in the Cirrus transition training program (VFR into IMC).
Cirrus and the aerospace foundation argued that Prokop was completely at fault for taking off into marginal VFR conditions. If Prokop did not feel comfortable with any of the instrumentation of the SR22 or did not feel he was adequately trained, then it was his responsibility not to fly the plane, since the FAA requires that a pilot in command is responsible for the safe operation of the aircraft. Further, any discomfort that Prokop had was contrary to his signing of the SR22 certification, which denoted that he knew how to fly the plane. Counsel for the aerospace foundation maintained that it provided the decedent with training of the autopilot command, which Prokop said he was able to access.
Kosak and Prokop were killed instantly. Kosak’s family sought approximately $1.5 million in economic losses and damages for loss of counsel, guidance, aid, advice, comfort, assistance, protection and companionship.
The parties stipulated to Prokop’s economic damages in the amount of $6 million, in addition to noneconomic damages.
The families testified that they were both active in the same Catholic church; Prokop was also active in economic development in Grand Rapids, and Kosak served on the United Way and YMCA boards.
The jury found that Cirrus was negligent and its negligence was a direct cause of the plane crash. The jury also found that the University of North Dakota Aerospace Foundation negligently trained Prokop and its negligence was a direct cause of the crash. The foundation was also found to be acting as agent for Cirrus at the time of Prokop’s training, and the foundation and Cirrus were acting in a joint enterprise. The jury also found that Prokop was negligent and his negligence was a direct cause of the crash. Cirrus and University of North Dakota were each found 37.5 percent negligent and Prokop was found 25 percent negligent. The jury awarded $19.4 million. The Prokop family’s portion of the award was reduced by 25 percent for his negligence, which brings the total recovery for the plaintiffs to $16.4 million.
Estate of Gary Prokop
$6,000,000 Wrongful Death: loss of counsel, guidance, aid, advice, comfort, assistance, protection and companionship
$6,000,000 Wrongful Death: economic losses (stipulated)
Estate of James Kosak
$6,000,000 Wrongful Death: loss of counsel, guidance, aid, advice, comfort, assistance, protection and companionship
$1,400,000 Wrongful Death: economic losses