On July 7, 2006, at approximately 10:30 p.m., plaintiff Justin Meyers, 18, a recent high school graduate, was riding as a passenger in a pickup truck on Climax Road in Amador County. The vehicle went over a 27-foot-high cut slope located below Climax and adjacent to California State Highway 88, and landed on its roof on Highway 88’s shoulder.
The driver and another passenger — both of whom were the plaintiff’s friends — were killed in the accident. Meyers was rendered paraplegic.
The three young men were going to a granite quarry to attend an informal memorial service for a fellow student who had been killed in an automobile accident a few days before. The toxicology testing of the pickup’s driver was negative for drugs and alcohol.
The state of California created the 27-foot-high cut slope as part of its 1933 project to build Highway 88. At the time, the state made the cut slope immediately beneath the sharp curve in the county-operated road and also installed a wooden guardrail at the sharp curve. The state contended that it then gave the guardrail to the county of Amador, but the county contended that the guardrail was never properly relinquished to it. During the 1960s and 1970s, part of the guardrail was observed hanging in mid air as the part of the cut slope beneath it eroded away; the guardrail was also observed to rot away, eventually disappearing altogether. The guardrail was never upgraded or replaced by either the county or the state.
Meyers sued the county and California Department of Transportation, alleging dangerous condition of public property pursuant to Government Code ? 830, et. seq.
Meyers alleged that the compound-reducing radius curve in Climax Road was a dangerous condition of public property because it: required constant steering correction while driving through the curve; was no longer protected by a guardrail; was improperly identified and signed; did not have a proper shoulder or “recovery area” because of erosion; lacked proper delineation markers; and had a 2-inch drop off from pavement to the shoulder, making recovery back onto the pavement difficult.
Meyers alleged that Climax and the adjacent 27-foot cliff that Caltrans created were dangerous conditions of public property.
Meyers also alleged that the curve where the accident occurred had a substantial history of similar accidents — involving automobiles and logging trucks — and that the county and Caltrans had attempted to destroy evidence of prior accidents there.
Plaintiff experts opined that the “20 mph, Curves Ahead” sign posted three turns before the curve where the accident occurred was an ineffective warning to drivers. They criticized the fact that the sign was posted more than 700 feet before the curve where the accident occurred, and then followed by two gentle curves before the curve where the accident occurred; they believed that this gave drivers, especially at night, a false sense that reducing their speed from the legal speed limit of 55 mph to 20 mph was unnecessary. The experts agreed that the accident vehicle was traveling between 35 mph and 43 mph at the time it lost control.
The defendants argued that Climax was not in a dangerous condition when used with due care.
Caltrans argued that Meyers was not a “user” of the 27-foot cliff and therefore could not sue Caltrans pursuant to Government Code ? 830.
Both defendants filed motions for summary judgment, which were denied.
Meyers sustained an L5-6 burst fracture and was rendered paraplegic, and alleged residual moderate cognitive disabilities. Meyers was airlifted to Sutter Roseville Medical Center, where he was admitted until July 24, 2006. To undergo rehabilitation, he was then transferred to a Santa Clara facility, where he remained until Sep. 7.
Meyers underwent the following surgeries and procedures at Sutter Roseville: the creation of a burr hole through his skull to place an ICP (intracranial pressure) monitor in the front of his head, to monitor the pressure in his skull; the hole was closed with staples during the same procedure; a thoracostomy, which is the creation of an artificial opening through the chest wall for the drainage of fluid and release of an abnormal accumulation of air; a fiberoptic bronchoscopy (visual exam of the breathing passages of the lungs) revealed dried blood and several small pieces of glass in the endotracheal tube; left sternoclavicular dislocation, which usually results from a fall onto the shoulder; the doctor tried to pop it back into the joint but was unsuccessful; it was determined that the plan would be nonoperative treatment, which involved observation, periodic X-rays, and observing return to function of shoulder; flexible bronchoscopy, which involved the insertion of a bronchoscope into the right lung to clear the lungs due to respiratory failure; placement of a feeding tube; and stabilization of the spinal segment with screws and rods to prevent delayed deformity as well as to hasten his entrance into spinal cord injury rehabilitation.
Meyers underwent extensive rehabilitation in Santa Clara. He learned the most basic care needs, and underwent occupational therapy, physical therapy, psychology sessions, speech pathology, respiratory therapy, group physical therapy and therapeutic recreation.
An initial CT scan revealed that Meyers sustained a brain injury which included frontal contusions bilaterally and left subarachnoid hemorrhage and mild edema. He underwent cognitive rehabilitation at the Santa Clara hospital. A comprehensive neuropsychological and clinical psychological examination revealed the following: diminished verbal fluency; loss of initiative and processing speed; deficits regarding focusing and continual attention; auditory verbal memory difficulty; loss of visual memory, visual proficiency or visual comprehension; decline in processing speed compared to his predicted processing speed based on his age, race, and demographics; and symptoms of post-traumatic stress.
He was a high school football standout who received recruitment interest from many colleges. He intended to begin Modesto Junior College in the fall and play football there, while improving his grades so that he could transfer to a four-year university. His neuropsychologist determined that his cognitive impairment was moderate, and that he would have considerable difficulty holding steady employment throughout his life.
Plaintiff experts opined that, because of his brain injury, he would be at high risk for dementia and at some point in the future would require an around-the-clock attendant.
Meyers sought $800,000 in billed past medical, $76,000 in past out-of-pocket, $16.4 million for a life care plan, $1 million in future brain treatment, $3.9 million for lost earnings and $15 million general damages, according to defense counsel.
The defense expert neuropsychologist opined that the plaintiff’s cognitive impairment was less severe than claimed, and that he would be able to hold some type of menial job throughout his lifetime.
About one month before trial was set to begin, Meyers settled with the county for $4 million.
Three days before trial, Meyers settled with Caltrans for $2 million.
Plaintiff attorney Michael Louis Kelly commented that the two most powerful pieces of evidence for Meyers in this case were a county employee’s description of how, when he was a teenager, he saw the guardrail at the accident curve rotting and hanging in midair where the shoulder beneath it eroded away over a period of 10-to-15 years; and testimony by a Caltrans employee, who recalled cleaning up wreckage from three-to-four vehicles that had gone off the cliff in a 10-to-15-year period, and creating records of the accidents that Caltrans could not produce during discovery.